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Wednesday, August 19, 2020

Forgive and Forget Hoffman?

When an old friend who also knew Hoffman read my account of his raping me, she wrote that she embraced me with “angelic frequencies to find healing for your heart.” An even closer friend here in India read it and asked, “Why did you see him after that? How could you remain his friend for more than 25 years?” I will try to answer this difficult question while being grateful for the prayer for my healing. Perhaps the two are congruous.

The first friend I mentioned said something about “victimhood.” She also emphasized forgiveness, as if in my self-examination, I was somehow not understanding enough of Hoffman and his predatory, abusive behavior. I know that playing the victim card is not particularly powerful or useful, so I was led to further self-examination. Playing victim is defined as “the fabrication or exaggeration of victimhood for a variety of reasons such as to justify abuse of others, to manipulate others, a coping strategy, or attention seeking.” 

Let me be completely clear: I do not forgive Hoffman for his behavior. As I wrote in earlier posts, Hoffman had a professional relationship with me for over 8 or 9 months, yet he stalked me, he groomed me, and then he raped me. By rape I mean uninvited, forced anal sex, outside any ethical or legal time frame for a therapist or spiritual counselor, which was the designation Hoffman used to skirt not having any professional training, much less a license, to be “dating" a client. Hoffman was aware of what he was doing. These are facts. I am not exaggerating or fabricating them nor am I trying to manipulate others or looking for attention. Telling my story is a coping mechanism that I own.

I met Hoffman through my work with Claudio Naranjo, and, because Naranjo recommended him and supported Hoffman’s Psychic Therapy, I ignored my first impressions that Hoffman was an uneducated, unprofessional, bumbling fool. I recounted that first encounter in some detail in The Ontological Odd Couple—The Origins of the Hoffman Process. “At our group’s first meeting with Bob Hoffman, . . .  it was soon obvious that he was not educated in any psychological discipline, but he dominated the room, alternatively talking then yelling in a kind of dumbed-down jargon filled with what became known as ‘Hoffmanisms.’ The paradoxical definition of ‘negative love was illogical logical and nonsensical sense,’ and if we didn’t understand that, we were just playing dumb out of negative love; if we thought he was too well dressed, it was negative transference and an indication that we didn’t love ourselves. . . . ”

The current proponents of the Hoffman Process have refined Hoffman’s double negative gibberish, but even when Hoffman’s characterization of “Negative Love” first appeared in print, “Getting Divorced from Mother and Dad,” one phrase was excised: “. . . It is illogical logic, nonsensical sense, and insane sanity, yet masochistically true or we wouldn’t behave in such a fashion.” Attributing negative behavior to masochism has been expunged, but Hoffman repeated it often and loudly. 

Another Hoffmanism was “righteously indignant,” which he used to justify his anger towards clients or a staff person with whom he had an issue. He was a very angry man. He liked to say that he had “to tear down to build up.” Nearly everyone I know who was close to Hoffman would be forced to admit, if they were entirely honest, that they ran afoul of him at one point or another. Often, the solution to resolving personal conflict was to force a person to redo the therapy so that the object of his displeasure could “put their awareness on their unawareness”—there was obviously something that he or she had missed. They were acting out, and Hoffman was the object of their negative behavior—it always fell to the other to assume responsibility. I personally reviewed the Process 3 times. 

In a professional setting, Hoffman’s confrontational behavior towards clients was problematic. On very little evidence, just a turn of phrase or a misused word—his understanding of a Freudian slip, he would assess a person’s character, label some trait as “negative love” and go on the attack. He was relentless and often cruel. And in my case, after all the shouting accusations, I discovered that although he was accurate in pointing to my obvious homosexuality, his “clairvoyant evidence” about my Father was entirely wrong. 

Another Hoffmanism, a characteristic of Negative Love, was “giving to get.” When we were in the thrall of our parents’ negative love, we were deceived into believing that if we acted like them we would get their love. ” See Mommy,” he would say, “I’m acting just like you. Now will you love me?” But Hoffman posited true love as the straightforward giving and receiving of affection without expectations. When in the early 70s he read about the Tasaday tribe on a remote Philippine island, who lived a simple life without anger or hoarding or amassing wealth, he thought that he’d discovered the Holy Grail. When the Tasaday turned out to be a carefully crafted hoax planted by Philippine politician Manuel Elizalde, a crony of Ferdinand Marcos, it mattered little to Hoffman. Like so many nuances, they were denied or papered over. I think that Hoffman’s understanding of love actually was no deeper than the sentimental Bing Crosby song “True Love” which used to be sung at the graduation ceremony.

The truth was that Hoffman was almost entirely motivated by money. He tried to calculate how much money Werner Erhardt made doing his est training. I heard him speak of Werner Erhard and Swami Muktananda in extremely deprecating terms. He had nothing but disdain for anyone he considered a cult leader. He thought of himself as the anti-guru guru. The only person whom he never talked badly about was Naranjo. Naranjo was his path to legitimizing the Process in the professional world. However, privately, he thought that Claudio never really got the Process on the deep emotional level that Hoffman demanded. He told me this several times, and I was appalled. 

This is the kind of behavior characteristic of cult leaders, and Hoffman, despite his protests, matches most of the criteria for a cult leader. I think that this is the place to make the notation that the current owners of Hoffman’s intellectual property and the Process teachers are often people who have history in various groups widely considered cults, from est to Life Spring and Bhagwan Shri Rajneesh’s ashrams. 

To return to my friend Kumar’s question: Why did I continue to try to be his friend for nearly 25 years? He sexually abused me. He was not particularly smart or intellectually interesting and stimulating. He was an angry man and quite unrestrained in displaying his anger. He attacked anyone he considered a rival. He was self-righteous. He could be generous, but there were always expectations. 

I’m sorry, Mr. Kumar, I have not answered your question, but I hope that I’ve at least laid the groundwork for a more satisfactory explanation. I’m not looking to make a compelling, water tight case for why I continued to be friends with Hoffman, but I’d like to arrive at a place that allows for some peace of mind. It seems that there are several more chapters to write.

_______________


Here are the pieces that I've written about Hoffman. Although I have tried to be objective, it is impossible to take a disinterested position with regard to the Process. Hoffman sexually abused me about 6 months after I finished my first process.

The Ontological Odd Couple, and the Origins of the Fisher-Hoffman Psychic Therapy

#GayMeToo

The Sad Demise of Bob Hoffman

This Victim Refuses Silence 

A Very Personal Question: Can I Forgive Bob Hoffman?

Forgive and Forget? Impossible. An inquiry into Victimization.

"Bob Hoffman was a criminal. Simple." 

New Age Miracle or Fraud

Why Do Cults Need to Rewrite History?

Science vs. Spooks

Jonestown and our Deliverance from Cults

© Kenneth Ireland, 2020

Tuesday, July 21, 2020

Ignatius’s "Discernment of Spirits" as Emotional Intelligence

Originally posted Monday, July 20, 2020


McLeod Ganj, July 20, 2020


In a cave in northern Spain between 1522 and 1524, Ignatius of Loyola had a series of spiritual experiences that changed his life as well as created a spiritual revolution. As a direct result of his mystical awakening, he, along with 7 of his “companions,” went on to found the Society of Jesus. One of these men, Francis Xavier, came to India in 1542. His body is still venerated to this day in the basilica in Goa that bears his name.


If one thing stands out about the early exploits of the Jesuits, it is their decisive action, which they attributed to following the plan that God had for them. To uncover God’s Will, they used a spiritual technique that Ignatius developed in his retreat at Manresa: “The Discernment of Spirits.” 


Now that I’ve paid my respects to Father Ignatius, let me look at the actual process of what he called “The Discernment”  to see if there is a way for someone who does not hold to the religious tenets of Christianity to use his methodology--yes, even a person with a more rational mind set to access more information about his or her decision making process to come to a workable decision about a course of action. I suggest that using the methodology of Ignatius might allow us to listen to our deepest emotions without allowing them to hijack our decision-making process.


Ignatius lays out two sets of 14 “rules” for making a choice. I have tried to remain faithful to the spirit of Ignatius while simplifying them. I’ve also bypassed Ignatius’s insistence on conformity with the teaching authority of the Roman Catholic Church.


Ignatius invites us to weigh what he calls “Consolation” and “Desolation” regarding a specific course of action over a period of time. Ignatius believed that the forces of good and evil are at war inside you. They try to sway you. Our job in prayer is to observe the battle, to sort out the emotions, and eventually to allow the correct decision to emerge.


I’ve used the word emotions here, and I think that discerning what our deepest emotions are telling us might be a useful way to look at what Ignatius calls “spirits.” Consolation indicates a feeling of peace and contentment, while desolation points to upset, even revulsion, perhaps even the feelings we might normally associate with depression. When we feel at peace, “consoled,” we are aware that we are on the right path, but when we feel uneasy, we sense that we are treading a path that leads to uncertainty or even harm, emotional or physical. 


However, our past experience has educated us, colored our emotions, and conditioned us to behave in a certain way. We are aware of some of this conditioning, but a great deal remains unconscious. A note of caution here: we are not engaging in a course of psychotherapy, and while it may be useful to uncover and deal with the emotional undercurrents of our past, I think that in ordinary circumstances, weighing what our emotions tell us about a course of action does not require this level of analysis. 


Allowing our deep emotional responses to inform our decisions does, however, require a kind of detachment. And in order for this process to unfold, Ignatius recommends that we not jump into a major decision impulsively. Rather, he would like us to weigh what I’m going to call our inner movements. Allowing our deepest emotional instincts to have a voice in our decision-making might be closer to what’s called in modern psychology “emotional intelligence.”


Let me give an example. Let’s suppose that I have a friend with whom I’m deeply in love. I think we can all agree that love is an extremely powerful emotion, one that can dictate our actions in both positive and negative ways. My friend tells me that he has to move to another city for a long period and that our relationship will have to endure that separation. This seems at first to be a circumstance beyond my personal control.


But suddenly the thought crosses my mind: I will just follow him or her. The motivation is love. What could possibly go wrong? Lots. But there’s also the possibility that the move might also open the gate to new, rich experiences and a wonderful new side to our relationship.


So now let’s set aside some thoughtful time to “discern the spirits,” to weigh the emotional impulses that are driving the decision, and see if we can sort them out. A lot of people would counsel “weighing the pros and cons.” The process might include making lists with both positive and negative consequences: shifting house, disruption of our normal daily routine, work and financial realities, and readjusting close personal ties. Of course, make a list. Evaluate each possibility.


But Ignatius would, I think, ask us to take another step. Let’s say, for the sake of the example, that most of the practical issues could be easily resolved, that the actual shifting was possible, that money would not be an issue, that family and friends support the decision, but we are still undecided. He would ask us to make a decision through prayer and seek a deeper answer. 


What might this look like, even for a non-religious person, who would like to explore the possibilities of the move in a deeper way? First, we would formulate the proposition: “I will move to another city to be with this person I am in love with.” And then, with our mind as quiet as possible, we allow the feelings and emotions to arise, without judging them. I cannot predict what might happen in an individual case, but let’s just take an obvious one: The overwhelming emotion is to simply pick up and move. But that’s followed by what seems to be an equally overwhelming fear that things might go wrong, that the added strain would distort my relationship and my friend would reject me. It’s possible. 


A series of emotions arises, and they are a jumble. But somehow, if we are able to neither reject nor push them away, over a period of time, they begin to sort themselves, and the picture becomes clearer. Perhaps we decide to move, or perhaps we decide to stay, but in either case, it comes with much stronger determination that we have tapped a deep source of inner strength to follow through and take whatever steps are required to fulfill our plan.


I think that Father Ignatius would be pleased that his inspiration allowed us to open up new possibilities in our own lives, even if dismayed that we have decided to remain agnostic with regard to his theological claims.




Sunday, June 14, 2020

My Path to Islam

by John Lounibos, Ph.D.

"Before I drag the reader, screaming and wailing, to Baghdad and the 11th century world of Ghazali and medieval Persia, let me explain a few things about medieval and classical readings, which create a context for the encounter with Ghazali. Let me also share something about the way in which I read ancient, classical literature.

"I am no therapist, but I read and ask my students to read every text as therapy. Why read the classics for therapy? Because most of them were written with some intent to heal the soul. So I read the Bible for therapy. I read Julian of Norwich (1342-1420?), Augustine (354-430), Al-Ghazali (1058-1111), Maimonides (1135-1204), Dante (1265-1321), and Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556) as therapy; then I read them for history, for social, political values, for critical thinking, for poetry, for creative thinking. Then I read them for windows on the catastrophes of their time and apply lessons for our own contemporary times. I also read them for meditation."


Please go to the post on the Intimate Meanderings page and read away.

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Beginnings of a Christian-Zen Bibliography

Abe, Masao, "Emptiness Is Suchness" in The Buddha Eye, edited by Frederick Franck. NY: Crossroad, 1982

Abe, Masao, Zen and Western Thought. Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press, 1985

Abe, Masao, "John Cobb's Beyond Dialogue" in The Eastern Buddhist, Vol. XVIII, No. 1, Spring 1985

Aquinas, St. Thomas, On Being and Essence. Toronto, Canada, The Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1949 (out of print)

Aquinas on Being and Essence: A Translation and Interpretation, Joseph Bobik and St. Thomas Aquinas, May 31, 2016

Carlo, William E., The Ultimate Reducibility of Essence to Existence in Existential Metaphysics. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1966

Clarke, W. Norris, "What Cannot Be Said in St. Thomas' Essence-Existence Doctrine" in The New Scholasticism. Baltimore: American Catholic Philosophical Association, 1974

Cobb, John B., Jr. John B. Cobb, Beyond Dialogue - Toward a Mutual Transformation of Christianity and Buddhism. Jul 30, 1998

Cook, Francis H., "The Second Buddhist Christian Theological Encounter: A Report" in The Eastern Buddhist, Vol. XIX, No. 1, Spring 1986

de Finance, Joseph, Etre et Agir. Paris, Beauchesne et ses fils, éditeurs, 1945

de Mello, Anthony, Sadhana: A Way to God. St. Louis, MO: The Institute of Jesuit Sources, 1978

Dumoulin, Heinrich, Christianity Meets Buddhism. La Salle, IL: Open Court, 1974

Eusden, John Dykstra, Zen and Christian: The Journey Between. NY: Crossroad, 1981

Fabro, Cornelio, La Nozione Metafisica di Partecipazione. Torino: Società editrice internationale, 1950

Fields, Rick, How the Swans Came to the Lake. Boulder, CO: Shambhala, 1981

Gardeil, le Pilre A., La structure de l'âme et l'expérience Mystique. Paris: Librairie Victor Lecoffre, 1927

Gardet, Louis and Olivier Lacombe, L'expérience du soi. Paris, Desclée de Brouwer, 1981(only the Italian version in print)

Gardet, Louis, Etudes de philosophie et de Mystique comparées. Paris: Librairie philosophique J. Vrin, 1972 (out of print)

Gilkey, Langdon, "Abe Masao's Zen and Western Thought" in The Eastern Buddhist, Vol. XIX, No. 2, Autumn 1986

Gilson, Etienne, Being and Some Philosophers. Toronto, Canada: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1949

Graham, Dom Aelred, Zen Catholicism. HBJ, 1963

Habito, Ruben L.F., Living Zen, Loving God. Wisdom Publications, 2004

Heisig, James, "East-West Dialogue: Sunyata and Kenosis" in Spirituality Today, Vol. 39, No. 2, Summer 1987 and Vol. 39, No. 3, Autumn 1987

Izutsu, Toshihiko, Toward a Philosophy of Zen Buddhism. Shambala, 2001

John of the Cross, Ascent of Mount Carmel. Translated and edited by E. Allison Peers. Garden City, NY: Image Books, 1958; reissued Dover, ,2008

Johnson, William, Christian Zen: A Way of Meditation. NY: Harper Row, 1981 (out of print)

Johnson, William, The Still Point, Reflections on Zen and Christian Mysticism. NY:Fordham University Press, 1970 (difficult to find)

Kadowaki, J.K., Zen and the Bible. NY: Routledge & Kegan, 1980

Kadowaki, Kakichi, "Ways of Knowing: A Buddhist-Thomist Dialogue" in International Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. VI, No. 4, Dec. 1966

Kalinowski, Jerzy and Stefan Swiezawski, La philosophie à l'heure du Concile. Paris: Société d'Editions Internationales, 1965; Press IPC, 2014

Kishi, Rev. Augustin Hideshi, Spiritual Consciousness in Zen from a Thomistic Theological Point of View. Nishinomiya-shi, Japan: Catholic Bishop's House of Osaka, 1966. PDF available from Merton Center Digital Collections.

Lassalle, H.M. Enomiya, Zen Meditation for Christians. LaSalle, IL: Open Court, 1974 (out of print)

Lassalle, H.M. Enomiya, The Practice of Zen Meditation, Thorsons, 1990

Maritain, Jacques, "Lettre sur la philosophie a l'heure du concile" in Approches Sans Entraves. Paris: Fayard, 1973 (out of print)

Maritain, Jacques, Bergsonian Philosophy and Thomism. NY: New York Philosophical Library, 1955; University of Notre Dame Press, 2007

Maritain, Jacques, Existence and the Existent. Garden City, NY: Image Books, 1948; Paulist Press, 2015

Maritain, Jacques, Notebooks. Albany, NY: Magi Books, Inc., 1984

Maritain, Jacques, The Peasant of the Garonne. NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968

Merton, Thomas, Zen and the Birds of Appetite. New Directions Paperback 1968; 2010

Nishitani, Keiji, Religion and Nothingness. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1982; 1983

O'Hanlon, Daniel, "Zen and the Spiritual Exercises: A Dialogue Between Faiths" in Theological Studies, Vol. 39, No. 4, Dec. 1978.

Senko, W., "Un traité inconnu 'De esse et essentia'" in Archives d'histoire doctrinale et litteraire du moyen âge, 27. Paris: Libraire Philosophique J. Vrin, 1961 (not in print)

Shizuteru, Ueda, ""Nothingness" in Meister Eckhart and Zen Buddhism" in The Buddha Eye, edited by Frederick Franck. NY: Crossroad, 1982; World Wisdom PDF

Spae, Joseph J., Buddhist-Christian Empathy. Chicago: The Chicago Institute of Theology and Culture, 1980

Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro, "Self the Unattainable" in The Buddha Eye, edited by Frederick Franck. NY: Crossroad, 1982. University Press, 2015

Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro, "The Buddhist Conception of Reality" in The Buddha Eye, edited by Frederick Franck. NY: Crossroad, 1982; Selected Works of D.T. Suzuki, Volume I: Zen, University of California Press, 2020

Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro, "What Is the "I"?" in The Buddha Eye, edited by Frederick Franck. NY: Crossroad, 1982

Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro, An Introduction to Zen Buddhism. London: Arrow Books Ltd, 1959; Mass Market Paperback, 1964

Waidenfels, Hans, Absolute Nothingness: Foundations for a Buddhist-Christian Dialogue (Studies in Japanese Philosophy) Nanzan Studies in Religion and Culture, 1980; Chisokudō Publications, 2020

Yamaguchi, Minoru, The intuition of Zen and Bergson: Comparative intellectual approach to Zen, reason of divergences between East and West. Herder Agency. Enderle Bookstore, 1969