Thursday, June 1, 2023

Introduction to the Tibetan version of The Platform Sutra

The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch is one of the most important documents in the Zen, or the Chan School of Buddhism. It is a Chinese text and the only sutra that does not contain direct teaching of the Lord Buddha, which might be why there is no Tibetan text. 

However, we know that the Platform Sutra existed in Tibet before the 11th century, when Buddhism took root. In the early years of the 20th century, fragments of one of the oldest copies of the text most widely accepted in Chan practice were discovered in the Dunhuang Library Cave. We do not know how it was used, but after Tsongkhapa, the trail of evidence disappears. I have to confess that when I found this out reading Sam van Schaik’s “Tibetan Zen,” I said, Now here’s a worthwhile challenge.


After three years, Kunga Dakpa, a Nyingma Khenpo of Mindroling Monastery in Dehradun, and I have completed a meticulous draft in Tibetan of The Platform Sutra, the first in more than a thousand years. I probably should say “version" because neither of us knows Classical Chinese, so we crafted a Tibetan version using several English translations, mainly Red Pine’s translation of the 57-stanza Tunhuang copy, while also paying careful attention to the editorial notes of Philip Yampolsky and John McRae.


Here are the first five Stanzas of The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch. It is the first Tibetan version available in more than a thousand years. 


The text has 57 Stanzas. Our work has not been sponsored by any Tibetan Monastic College; we are entirely self-funded. However, we will submit it to several scholars for checking and corrections before publication. The English text (Counterpoint, Berkeley) is Red Pine’s translation, used with the author’s permission.


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The Platform Sutra

The Mahaprajnaparamita Sutra of the Direct Teaching of the Southern School

of the Supreme Mahayana, The Platform Sutra

Delivered at Tafan Temple in Shaochou by the Sixth Patriarch, Master Hui-neng, in one volume, compiled and recorded by Fa- hai, recipient of the Formless Precepts and advocate of the Dharma.


ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་ཤེས་རབ་ཕ་རོལ་དུ་ཕྱིན་པའི་མདོ་ལྷོ་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ལྟ་གྲུབ་སྨྲ་བ་མཆོག་ཏུ་གྱུར་པ་མཁན་རབས་དྲུག་པ་ཡི་གཞི་རྩ་བའི་མདོ་[Tafan Temple Shaochou]ཏྲི་ཕེས་ཤི་ཅོར་གྱི་དགོན་པའི་ནང་དུ་གནང་པས་[Hui-neng]ཧོ་ནིན་གྱི་གསུངས་ཁོང་གི་སློབ་[Fa-hai]མ་ཕེ་ཧེ་ཡིས་དམ་པའི་ཆོས་ཁུངས་དག་པའི་ཕྱིར་དུ་པོད་གཅིག་དང་བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་ཀྱི་སྡོམ་པ་ཐོབ་པའི་ཐོ་རྣམས་ཡི་གེ་བབས།


1. Master Hui-neng took his seat in the lecture hall of Tafan Temple to expound the teaching of Mahaprajnaparamita and to transmit the Formless Precepts. Seated below him on that occasion were more than ten thousand monks, nuns, and laypeople, along with Magistrate Wei Ch’u of Shaochou and more than thirty officials and thirty scholars. Together they asked the Master to explain the teaching of Mahaprajnaparamita.

The magistrate then instructed the Master’s disciple Fa-hai to make a record to pass down to future generations so that students of the Way who carry on its guiding principle and who transmit it to others might have this testament as their authority.


དགེ་བའི་བཤེས་གཉེན་ཆེན་པོ་ཧི་ནན་ཏི་ཕོོ་གཙུག་ཁང་དུ་ཞབས་སོར་མཁོད་དེ། འཁོར་དགེ་འདུན་བཙུན་མ་སྟོང་ཕྲག་བརྒལ་པ་དང་ཁྲིམས་བདག་འོ་ཅོ་སོགས་དཔོན་རིགས་དང་རིགས་པ་སྨྲ་བ་སུམ་ཅུ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཆོས་ཀྱི་འཁོར་ལོ་འཁོར་བ་གསོལ་འདེབས་པས་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་གསུངས་ཞིང་བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་ཀྱི་སྡོམ་པ་གནང་། 

ཁྲིམས་བདག་གི་ཧོ་ནན་གྱི་སློབ་མ་ཕེ་ཧི་ལ་ཞུས་ཏེ་ཁོང་གི་མ་འོངས་པའི་སློབ་མ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཆེད་དུ་ཡེ་གི་ཕབ།

 

2. When he spoke this Platform Sutra, Master Hui-neng said, “Good friends, purify your minds by reciting the teaching of Mahaprajnaparamita.” Then the Master stopped speaking, while he purified his own mind.


After a long time, he spoke again, “Good friends, please listen. My kind-hearted father was originally from Fanyang. But he was dismissed from office and banished to Lingnan and lived in Hsinchou as a commoner. My father died when I was quite young. And my widowed and destitute mother moved to Nanhai, where I experienced hardship and poverty and sold firewood in the marketplace.


ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཕྱིན་པ་ཁ་འདོན་བྱེད་པ་དང་སློབ་པ་ནི་དེ་རང་ཉིད་ཀྱི་སེམས་དག་པར་བྱེད་རྒྱུ་དེ་རེད་གསུངས་ཏེ། ཡུན་ཙམ་རིང་བསྙམ་པར་བཞུགས་སོ།

ངའི་སེམས་བཟང་ཅན་ཕ་རྒན་ནི་ཕེའི་ཡེན་ནས་ [Fanyang]ཁོང་གི་གཞུང་གི་ལས་སྣེ་ཕྱིར་ཕུད་བཏང་པས་ཧིིའི་ཅོར་དུ་[Hui-neng]མི་སེར་དཀྱུས་མའི་འཚོ་བསྐྱལ་སྡོད་བྱེད་པ་རེད། ང་ལོ་ན་གཞོན་དུས་ངས་ཕ་རྒན་དགོངས་པ་྄རྫོགས་ཏེ་མ་རྒན་གཡུགས་མ་དུ་གྱུར་ཏེ་ན་ཧི[Nanhai]དུ་གནས་སྤོས་ཏེ་འཚོ་བ་སྐྱོ་བ་སྐབས་ངའི་ཁྲོམས་ལ་འབུད་ཤིང་ཚོང་ཏེ་དཀའ་ལས་རྒྱབ་ཡིན། 


Then one day a shopkeeper ordered a load of firewood brought to his store. After he took the delivery and paid me, I walked toward the door and met a customer reciting the Diamond Sutra out loud. As soon as I heard the words, my mind felt clear and awake, and I asked the man, ‘Where did you get this scripture you’re reciting?’


He said, ‘On Huangmei County’s East Fengmao Mountain in Chichou Prefecture, when I was paying my respects to the Fifth Patriarch, Master Hung-jen. His congregation included more than a thousand disciples. become buddhas 


And while I was there, I heard him tell the monks and laypeople that just by memorizing the Diamond Sutra they would see their natures and་་immediately.’


As soon as I heard this, I felt drawn by something from a past life. I said goodbye to my mother and left for Huangmei’s Fengmao Mountain to pay my respects to the Fifth Patriarch, Master Hung-jen.


ཉིན་ཞིག་ཚོང་ཁང་བདག་པོ་ང་ལ་འབུད་ཤིང་བསྐྱལ་ཤོག་ཟེར་བའི་ང་དེ་བསྐྱལ་ཏེ་སྒོ་འགྲམ་དུ་སླེབས་དུས་སྦྱིན་བདག་གི་རྡོ་རྗེ་གཅོད་པས་མདོ་བཀླགས་བཞིན་འདུག་པའི་ང་གོ་བ་ཙམ་གྱི་ངའི་སེམས་ལ་དྭངས་བ་དང་གསལ་བ་བྱུང་།ངའི་ཁོང་ལ་ཁྱོད་མདོ་དེ་གང་གནས་རགས་བྱུང་ཞེས་བཀའ་འདྲི་ཞུས་པས། ཁོང་གི་ཤར་ཕྱོགས་ཕེང་མོ་རི་མོ་ནས་ཅེ་ཅོར་མངའ་ཁོངས་སུ་རྟོགས་བདག་གི་དེ་ནས་ཐོབ་གསུངས་བྱུང་། བསྟན་རབས་ལྔ་པ་དགེ་བའི་བཤེས་གཉེན་[Hung-jen]ཧོ་ཇེན་ཡི་སློབ་མ་དགེ་འདུན་སྟོང་ཕྲག་མང་པོ་དང་དེ་བཞིན་མི་སྐྱ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་རྡོ་རྗེ་གཅོད་པའི་མདོ་ཁ་འདོན་བྱེད་པ་དང་བློ་འཛིན་པ་མཐོང་དུས་ངའི་སེམས་ནང་ཁོང་རྣམས་ཀྱི་སེམས་རང་བཞིན་དང་ལུགས་གནས་རྟོགས་ཏེ་མྱུར་དུ་སངས་རྒྱས་གོ་འཕངས་པས་ཚོར་སྣང་སྐྱེས་བྱུང་དེ་བཞིན་སྐྱེ་བ་སྔོན་མའི་བག་ཆགས་སད་བྱུང་། མ་རྒན་ལ་གྱེས་ཕྱག་ཞུས་ཏེ་[Huangmei’s Fengmao]ཧོ་མོ་ཕེ་མོ་རི་མོ་དུ་བསྟན་རབས་དྲུག་པ་གམ་དུ་ཅར།


3. Master Hung-jen asked me, ‘Where are you from? And what exactly do you hope to get from me by coming to this mountain to pay your respects?’


I answered, ‘Your disciple is from Lingnan, a commoner of Hsinchou. The reason I came all this way to pay my respects is I want to be a buddha. I don’t want anything else.’

The Master scoffed, ‘But you’re from Lingnan and a jungle rat as well. How can you possibly be a buddha?’


I replied, ‘People come from the north or south, not their buddha nature. The lives of this jungle rat and the Master’s aren’t the same, but how can our buddha nature differ?’


The Master was about to say something more to me. But when he saw his attendants standing there, he didn’t say anything else and sent me to join the sangha workforce. A novice then led me to the milling room, where I pedaled a millstone for more than eight months.


ཁྱེད་རང་གང་གནས་ཡིན་། གནས་འདིར་འོངས་པས་དགོས་པ་དང་རྒྱུ་མཚན་ཅི་ཡོད་ཞེས་དགེ་བའི་བཤེས་གཉེན་ཆེན་པོ་ཧོ་ཇིན་ཡིས་བཀའ་འདྲི་གནང་བྱུང་ [Hung-jen]

[Lingnan]ང་ནོན་ནི་འོངས་པའི་དམངས་རིགས་ཞིག་ཡིན་སངས་རྒྱས་གོ་འཕངས་འཚོལ་དུ་འོང་པ་ཡིན་པས་གཞན་དོན་དག་ཅི་ཡང་མེད་ཞེས་ཞུས་

ཁྱོད་རང་ལོ་ནིན་ནས་རེད་པ་ཤིང་ནགས་ནང་གི་ཙི་ཙི་དང་གཅིག་པ་རེད། ཇི་ལྟར་སངས་རྒྱས་ཀྱི་གོ་འཕངས་ཐོམ་བམ་ཞེས་ཟུར་ཟ་གནང་བྱུང་། བྱང་ཕྱོགས་དང་ལྷོ་ཕྱོགས་འོངས་པ་མི་རྣམས་དང་ཤིང་ནགས་སུ་གནས་པའི་ཙི་ཙི་ལ་གཞི་བདེ་བར་གཤེགས་པའི་སྙིང་པོ་གཅིག་མ་རེད་དམ་ཁྱད་པར་ཅི་ཡོད་དམ་ཞེེས་བཀའ་འདྲི་ཞུས། དགེ་རྒན་གྱིས་ལན་ཞིག་འདེབས་པར་འདོད་ཀྱང་ཁོང་གི་ཉེར་གནས་ཁྲིས་སུ་འདུག་པའི་ཅི་ཡང་སྨྲས་མ་སོང་།  དགེ་འདུན་གསར་བུ་ཞིག་ང་དགེ་འདུན་སྤྱི་ལས་ཁང་དུ་ཁྲིད་བྱུང་། ངའི་ཟླ་བ་བརྒྱད་རིང་དུ་ཆུ་ཐག་གི་ལས་ཀ་བྱས་པ་ཡིན།


4. One day, the Fifth Patriarch suddenly called all of his disciples together. After they had assembled, he said, ‘I’ve told you that the greatest concern for a human being is life and death. But you disciples spend your days making offerings, just looking for ways to reap merit and not for a way out of the bitter Sea of Samsara. If you’re blind to your own nature, how can you find the doorway to merit? Go back to your rooms and look into yourselves. Those of you who are wise, make use of the prajna wisdom of your own nature. Each of you write me a gatha. When I read your gathas, if any of you understands what is truly important, I will give you my robe and my Dharma and appoint you the Sixth Patriarch. Hurry, as if there were a fire!’


ཉིན་ཞིག་བསྟན་རབས་ལྔ་པ་མཆོག་གི་གློ་བུར་དུ་ཁོང་སློབ་མ་རྣམས་སྐད་བཏང་ཏེ་འཚོ་བ་དང་འཆི་བ་ནི་འགྲོ་བ་མི་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཤིན་ཏུ་གལ་ཆེ་པོ་ཞིག་རེད།  འཁོར་བའི་སྡུག་བསྔལ་ལས་ཐར་བས་ཆེད་དུ་བྱ་བ་མི་སྒྲུབ་པར་ཚེ་འདིའི་དོན་དུ་མཆོད་པར་འབུལ་པ་དང་བསོད་ནམས་བསགས་པ་ནི། རང་བཞིན་གྱི་སྙིང་པོ་དོན་མི་ཤེས་པར་བསོད་ནམས་ཀྱི་ཚོགས་ཇི་ལྟར་བསགས། སོ་སོར་གནས་སུ་སོང་ཏེ་ང་ག་རེ་ཡིན་པ་བརྟགས་དཔྱད་བྱས་ཏེ། ཚིག་གཅད་རེ་བྲིས་ཤོག། ངས་ཉམས་ཞིབ་བྱས་ཏེ་སུའི་གནས་ལུགས་རྟོགས་ཡོད་ན་བསྟན་རབས་དྲུག་པ་མངའ་གསོལ་བྱེད་རྒྱུ་ཡིན། ད་མྱུར་དུ་བྱས་ཤིག་དཔེར་ན་ཤིང་ནག་མེ་ཡི་བསྲེག་བཞིན་དུ།ཞེས་དེ་ལྟར་གསུངས་པས་


5. Having received these instructions, his disciples headed back to their rooms and said to one another, ‘There’s no need for us to clear our minds and trouble ourselves about writing a gatha to show the abbot. The venerable Shen-hsiu is our precept instructor. After he receives the Dharma, we can look to him. Why should we write a gatha?’ So they all stopped worrying about it, and no one dared to submit a poem.


At that time, in front of the Patriarch’s Hall, there was a three- section-long corridor. Because people left offerings at the foot of the wall, the abbot wanted to cover it with scenes from the Lankavatara Sutra and paintings of the five patriarchs transmitting the robe and the Dharma as a record to be passed down to future generations. The painter Lu Chen had inspected the wall and was going to begin work the following day.


སློབ་མ་སོ་སོར་གནས་སུ་ལོག་ཏེ་གཅིག་གི་གཅིག་འདི་ལྟར་བཤད་སེམས་ཀྱི་གནས་ལུགས་འཚོལ་དེ་ཚིག་གཅད་བྲིས་ན་མཁན་པོ་མཆོག་ལ་ཕུལ་ན་ཅི་བྱ་དོན་མེད་ཀྱི་དཀའ་ལས་རེད།

ང་ཚོའི་བཀུར་པར་འོས་པའི་སྡོམ་བརྩོན་དམ་པ་ཤིན་ཧི [Shen-hsiu] ཁོང་བསྟན་རབས་དྲུག་པ་མཚན་གསོལ་ན་ང་ཚོའི་ཁ་ལ་གུས་ན་འགྲེགས་ག་རེ་བྱས་ན་འབྲི་དགོས་རེད་ཞེས་བྲིས་ཀྱི་སྤོབས་ཞོམས་ཏེ་སྙན་ངག་གི་ལམ་ནས་བྲི་ན་ཕུལ་མ་ནུས་སོ། དེ་དང་ཕྱོགས་མཚུངས་བསྟན་རབས་རྣམས་ཀྱི་འདུ་ཁང་མདུན་དུ་ཚིགས་གཅད་རིང་པོ་གྲལ་ཤར་གསུམ་བཀོད་ཡོད། གཡོན་ཕྱོགས་ནས་མི་མང་རྣམས་ཀྱི་མཆོད་པར་ཕུལ། མཁན་པོ་མཆོག་གི་མདོ་ལང་ཀར་གཤེགས་པ་དང་རི་མོ་ལམ་ན་བསྟན་རབས་ལྔ་པ་ནས་ཇི་ལྟར་ལུང་རྟོགས་ཀྱི་བསྟན་པ་དར་ཚུལ་མ་འོངས་གདུལ་བྱ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཆེད་དུ་བཀོད་འདོད་ཡོད།






Hakuin Ekaku, The Sixth Patriarch's Rice Mill, Edo period (1603–1867 AD)

Thursday, April 27, 2023

Ken's Koan Sayings

There are barriers and pitfalls to working with the koans. Not beginning is the first, but just beginning is not a ready solution either. Treating koans like a DIY project in lifeless meditation practice: when something is not happening, something is wrong with my practice, my attention, my teacher, my life--” Maybe try a little MU”-- is not a sure-fire way to fix things up. There are at least as many misunderstandings about what they are as there are koans. If you want to count them, you can start from any place where you begin.

We might think that koans hold a key to unlocking the big mysterious secrets behind All of It, but they are just the great privilege of eavesdropping on conversations between some really cool practitioners. The keyword is practice. A fly on the wall might be a privileged position, but probably not enough.

Zen can’t fix anything. Some people think of meditation is a cure, like medicine, or maybe a panacea for some thorny life problem. That is a lovely hope. There is even a koan that uses the words: ”The whole earth is medicine.” If aspirin is the first thing that comes to mind, exercise particular caution. Dream on if you must, but see a competent psychotherapist if you need to. There is no self-contradiction in any of those statements.

The difference between good design and bad design, good or bad practice, good writing or bad writing, is the time you spend on it. And sometimes inspiration hits like lightning.

They are good reasons--aside from the usual ones--to get over lots of talk about the shamanic origins of Zen. Bury useless chatter alongside your Tarot cards and the map of your stars. Your future depends on it. It does.

I’ve often wanted to retrace my steps to an insight or an experience in meditation. This is an impossible task, but sometimes, as the saying goes, you just get lucky.

The Map Salesman will tell you that his or hers shows the basic terrain, even the quickest route, in more or less detail, to the 10 highlights of London, complete with a timetable and fare schedule for the Tube. Beware. It’s someone else’s experience, including their personal proclivities. There are no perfect maps. Road conditions change, among other things, and your expensive guide might skip the hidden gem.

Traveling in groups is safer, so keep your companions close.

No one knows!

In our rural Connecticut village, my mother taught me to look both ways before crossing the road, first to the left first and then to the right. It’s automatic. When I lived a block from Chinatown in San Francisco, I noticed something that I found unsettling. At the complicated intersection of Stockton, Columbus, and Green, you had to look even if crossing with the light. But standing next to one of my Chinese neighbors, she looked to the right first. Her mother also taught her well. Now living in Asia, I also look to the right, but it was something that I had to relearn.

You might be mugged by reality! If you are lucky, or honest, but there are real reasons to be wary. There are bandits on the road set to deceive you. “Teacher, teacher, be vigilant. Don’t be deceived.”

Sunday, March 19, 2023

How far will people go to separate you from your money?

I went searching on Google to see what the algorithm offered up as an answer to my query about the Hoffman Process--I was actually curious to know if anyone reads what I’m writing--and discovered some statements or claims about this Process that really stretch the facts. They are also a study in how to structure ordinary language to make a lie sound plausible.

“It is the only program of its kind offering evidence-based transformational work proven to deliver lasting results.” (hoffmaninstitute.org)

First let’s examine the phrase: “evidence-based transformational work proven….”

If perchance I were an ordinary Jane or Joe with some personal troubles and an extra 5,000 USD in my pocket, and I was looking for some personal relief for my suffering, and if I came across a program that claimed to be “evidence-based,” I might be interested or at least my curiosity would be piqued. I might assume that a team of mental health professionals, after careful examination of mental disorders ranging from simple neuroses to more acute mental disturbance, formulated and tested several protocols to treat these disorders, and over time evaluated their results. The sequence is important--facts or behaviors were observed, studied, and recorded; the evidence of their harm to a person’s well-being preceded the formulation of a course of treatment based on past psychological treatment; and last, the statistical results were examined. That is how science usually works.

Instead of careful observation by trained mental health professionals, in the case of the Hoffman Process, a psychic tailor was awakened in the middle of the night by the discontented ghost of his recently deceased psychiatrist revealing a way to treat the Negative Love Syndrome from “the other side.” After several people reported some relief and perhaps even personal insight following Hoffman’s process of psychic therapy, a carefully formulated study proved that these people were “transformed.”

Now let’s examine the phrase “deliver lasting results.” The baseline for measuring the improvement is self-reporting; it is entirely subjective or measured against general baseline surveys. Feeling good or being high is not evidence of anything other than feeling good or being high. If that is what you want for your 5000 USD, go for it. But the promises are just marketing, period. The Negative Love Syndrome is not an professionally accepted psychological disorder that has been studied and evaluated. It is not science.

I described my experience in the creation and testing of two surveys of participant’s results in my post, “Science vs. Spooks.”

If you still don’t see this as just marketing copy, read the preposterous claim that heads the sentence: “It is the only program of its kind…” Caveat emptor! Please do not subject yourself to any psychological manipulation by an untrained and unlicensed purveyor of transformation.

I have talked about my own experience with Hoffman at some length. Be forewarned, it includes a description of emotional and sexual abuse: The Dirty Secrets about the beginning of the Hoffman Process.

Friday, February 17, 2023

Beginnings of praise for a Zen Master's book

Phil Whalen was losing his eyesight. He was legally blind and the page appeared as just a blur. We would read aloud for him every day. If it was an author or a book he knew, he would finish the sentences. Other times he would simply vanish into a world of his own thoughts. I could use the term “to fly away" because that’s what it looked like to me. At other times there might be a request for a short piece for an anthology or small literary magazine. Usually he would remember something that he’d written long ago. He would ask you to go back to the beginning and read it again, and then again, editing and rearranging the words in his mind’s eye, muttering “too many words, too many words.” Once he had me read long sections of a draft of Dick Baker’s magnum opus, a book that he’d already received a large advance for but for which Dick couldn’t seem to quite find the right words. After a few pages, Phil, who was usually very deferential to his teacher, said something like “Fuck it. He just wants me to praise him, but dammit, it’s not a book. Praise, praise him. I get it, he doesn’t want to make a mistake. He hasn't. He can’t, but it’s boring.” 

Whatever became of it? Let me Google and see if it was ever published.

https://www.dharmasangha.org/news/original-mind


Ok from this short bit it’s pretty good. Heartfelt and still quirky. 2007. I read the first drafts that Phil complained about in his very circumspect, curmudgeonly voice. That was probably 1992 or 3. Phil died in 2003 so there’s five years that Dick might have contemplated Phil’s critique. But I doubt it. Dick probably certainly found other ways to hold off his publisher. He could string him along for a couple of decades for sure. Maybe not with the written word but the spoken word, Dick has a gift. (And I proved this to myself again by reading a 1994 Tricycle article, an interview Dick did with Sugata Schneider, The Long Learning Curve An Interview with Richard Baker Roshi.)


LOL the reviews on Amazon are hilarious! Pretty much mirror the scuttlebutt that I’d heard way back when! https://www.amazon.com/Original-Mind-Practice-Zen-West/dp/1573221104/ref=sr_1_3?qid=1676539755&refinements=p_27%3ARichard+Baker-roshi&s=books&sr=1-3


But my question is what makes a Zen book good, or even worth reading? I can separate out a few types of writing. 


One is the practice manual. A lot of Bob Aitken’s work falls into this category. He worked with students and was very conscious of both his limitations as well as his responsibility. He wrote about sitting, the precepts, the koans. I liked his books more than his talks which were for the most part duller than dull. He had a hard time taking off his professorial lecture hat, but he was wonderful when doing personal practice discussions, truly intimate. I experienced both so when I read his books I carry the voices I remember into what I hear. I also hear what I am sure were gentle suggestions of his wife Anne, and in some places the literary panache of his student John Tarrant.


And Bob was a real master. He often said to me that his only useful job description was encouragement. This is exactly what he set out to do, and with all his limitations, he did it.


One of the pitfalls of this kind of writing is the reputation that either follows or precedes the author or teacher. And this is the problem with Dick Baker’s writing. There’s a lot of history and hours of dharma lectures from a brilliant teacher who got into some very hot water. He also had to write a book that wouldn’t just be a hollow echo of his own teacher’s famous Zen Mind. (He could have started with a different title! Ordinary Mind sounds like a thesaurus translation of Beginner’s Mind). I suppose if you want to light a fire under your practice, start some trouble and try to get out of it. If something begins, even if it’s outside your control, circumstances pile up a barrier that’s a lot to cut through. I would personally prefer smaller fires, but I also know that things happen and that a fire has its own mind.


Then there’s the commentary type of writing. That’s very tough. You have to have chops before you pick up the pen or open the computer. They seem to fall into two groups. One is for the teacher’s students or others in the lineage who can’t sit and do dokusan. They are usually in modern times transcriptions of lectures by a brilliant busy teacher, edited and reworked for a larger audience. For the heavy lifting in the premier example of this work, Zen Mind Beginner’s Mind, we have to thank a woman named Trudy Dixon who was apparently dying of cancer during the editing process. In the olden revered times, we are told that these commentaries were taken from the crib notes of monks in the lecture hall. A nice mirror image.


Then there’s a respected teacher bringing their understanding to a topic that is of more general interest. My favorite writer in this genre is Susan Murphy Roshi. She is an accomplished writer, so the territory is not something that she started when she began her practice. I loved her book on sexuality in zen practice, red thread zen. These are unapologetically descriptions of how she’s used the practice in her life, even in extraordinary times and circumstances. Her latest title is Minding the Earth, Mending the World: The Offer We Can No Longer Refuse. I admit to a strong personal bias with regard to Susan. She is a teacher who has deeply touched my life.


One of Susan’s teachers, Ross Bolleter wrote another kind of commentary, based on an important root text in the practice: Dongshan’s Five Ranks. It is much more difficult and probably for students with some meditation experiences. He says “Zen language is not independent of Zen itself.” This is tricky ground. We enter a world that is usually called technical language, but it is not meters, the speed of light or symbolic logic. Rather it is a world in which ordinary descriptors themselves point to something beyond ordinary language.


And the last type of zen writing that I want to talk about is really an adaptation of a particular western type of religious confessional: the apologia. It usually is a highly personal story of how an encounter with the transcendent was transformative. In some ways, even though most zen authors would consciously avoid the grandiose path of Augustine of Hippo’s City of God, there are usually echoes of the peach tree, transgression, compunction, and transformation. What makes this kind of Buddhist writing so difficult to both read and write is that the focus on the self is ultimately about moving beyond the self. That points to a level of mastery of Buddhist practice which is key to making the book useful or even readable.


It’s why I don’t begrudge Richard Baker the years between reading the first drafts of his book to Phil and it's finally making it to words on a page. Like the title of the interview 30 years ago, it can be a long learning curve.